Media in ECI will be addressed under two main categories:
I. General Entries
II. Independent Entries
I. General Entries:
General Entries of media consists of the following four entries:
a) Newspapers and Journalism in Iran
b) Newspapers and Journalism in the Islamic World
c) Pamphlets, Tracts and Statements
d) Radio and Television
a) Newspapers and Journalism in Iran
Chronological Classification: Pre-Constitutionalism, Constitutionalism and thereafter, the Pahlavi Era, Islamic Revolution and thereafter.
In each instance, the newspaper’s contents, authors, social and political influences must be analyzed.
1. Pre-Constitutionalism:
i. A brief history of the appearance of this phenomenon in Iran
ii. The first newspapers published in Iran
iii. Persian language newspapers published abroad
iv. Exploring possible models
2. Constitutionalism and thereafter:
i. Prominent newspapers (which have been identified by ECI)
ii. The phenomenon of religious-political texts in newspapers
iii. Circulation
iv. The range of audiences
v. Possible affiliations
3. The Pahlavi Era:
i. The media during the first Pahlavi era
ii. The media during the second Pahlavi era
4. Islamic Revolution and thereafter
b) Newspapers and Journalism in the Islamic World
1. The emergence of journalism in the Islamic world
2. Classification of newspapers by regions as defined by ECI
3. Prominent newspapers, newspapers with a political Islam bend
c) Pamphlets, Tracts and Statements
The Introduction should include the evaluation of this phenomenon in Iran and the Islamic world. Attention should be paid to:
1. Occasions
2. Range of authors and contributors
3. Content and literature used
4. Methods of printing and distribution
5. Influences
6. Consequences
7. Role of the media
d) Radio and Television in the Islamic World
1. Evaluation of this phenomenon in the Islamic world
2. Early radio and television in the Islamic world (based on ECI’s geographical categories)
3. Popular radio and television channels
4. Influences
5. Radio and television programs
6. Range of audience
7. Religious programs
8. Program anchors
9. Internet and radio websites and their difference with the channels
10.TV series with religious-political themes
11.News and dissemination of information techniques
II. Independent Entries:
Certain media and journals will be reviewed under independent entries due to their importance and impact. They may be classified in the following categories:
A. Discontinued Newspapers
This category consists of publications dating from about a century ago that are no longer published. Examples from Iran and Central Asia are as follows:
Iran: Akhtar, Bākhtar, Parvaresh, Salām, Sūr-e Isrāfīl,‘Urvāt-al-Vothqā, Qānūn, Waqāi al-Itifāqīya.
Central Asia and Caucasia: Ittifāq-e Īslām, Bukhārā-ye-sharīf.
Article Structure:
1. Title + brief description + period of publication and date of discontinuation + language of publication + name of the license owner, editor-in-chief or manger
For example: Akhtar, one of the most prominent political, social and cultural newspapers of the pre-Constitutional movement in Iran, it was published in Farsi in Istanbul under the management of Mohammad Tāher Tabrizi (from 1292LH/1876G to 1313LH/1895G)
2. Intellectual background of the newspaper
3. Broad overview of the newspaper’s methods and conducts
4. The newspaper’s influence on society and politics
5. The writers and contributors of the newspaper
6. Reasons the newspaper was discontinued
Note: Since the newspaper itself is the main source of these particular articles, it is necessary to refer to an actual copy of the newspaper. It will not be sufficient to refer to other sources.
B. Newspapers and Publishing Institutions
This category includes newspapers that are currently being published, in whose name institutions exist, and they also produce other affiliated publications. Examples from Iran and elsewhere in the Islamic world are as follows:
- Iran: Ittelā‘āt, Keyhān.
- Islamic World: Jumhūryya, Jong, Hūrryyet, al-Sharq al- Awsat, al-Nahār.
Article Structure:
- Title + brief description + date first published + place of publication + website
- Introduce the founder of the publication and the administrative structure in terms of affiliation and transformations
- Its journey of transformation into an institution, or perhaps other activities in which it takes part such as publishing books, magazines and special editions
- Evaluate its methods of disseminating information
- Its social, political and cultural influences
- Introducing the internet website, and evaluating the differences between the paper version and the electronic version
C. Specific Media
BBC, website and channel
Al-Jazeera, website and channel
- Title + brief description
- Brief history of the institution
- Administrative structure and transformations
- Financial resources
- General standpoint
- Influence as a media
- Social and geographical region of audience
- Popular programs
- Language of programs or of the channel
- The internet website
- Comparing the website and television programs
- Influence on local and global politics